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Aluminum is a lightweight metal with an excellent strength-to-weight ratio, making it ideal for applications in which metallic-level strength is required, but mass is still a concern. There are various alloys for aluminum, each denoted by the first number in their classification. The number indicates the main alloying element(s).
Aluminum is one of the most common materials used in the aerospace, medical, and automotive industries. This is due to its excellent strength-to-weight ratio, formability, and general versatility. Choose aluminum CNC machining in the FlagShip Instant Quoting Engine℠.
This aluminum alloy resists fatigue well and is quite machinable, but exhibits poor weldability characteristics. It is not very resistant to corrosion, so it requires surface treatments if used in harsh environments. Aluminum 2024-T3 is typically used for bolts, aircraft fittings, and pistons.
Aluminum 2024-T3 Properties
| Tensile Strength, Yield (MPa) | Fatigue Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Hardness (Brinell) | Density (g/cm^3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 345 | 138 | 18 | 120 | 2.78 |
This aluminum alloy uses magnesium as its primary alloying element. It is very corrosion-resistant due to the lack of copper in its composition but it cannot be heat-treated. Aluminum 5052 is typically used in fuel tanks, sheet metal parts, and fuel/oil lines.
Aluminum 5052 Properties
| Tensile Strength, Yield (MPa) | Fatigue Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Hardness (Brinell) | Density (g/cm^3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 192 | 115 | 11 | 63 | 2.58 |
This grade of aluminum is considered a general-purpose alloy. It has excellent machinability characteristics and can be easily welded. The primary alloying elements are magnesium and silicon. This aluminum alloy is regularly used to make electrical fittings, brake pistons, and bike frames.
Aluminum 6061 Properties
| Tensile Strength, Yield (MPa) | Fatigue Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Hardness (Brinell) | Density (g/cm^3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 276 | 95.5 | 16 | 94 | 2.8 |
There is only a slight difference between the alloying elements in aluminum 6063 as compared to 6061. This aluminum alloy is not as strong but offers better formability. As a result, it’s well-suited for pipes, railings, and extrusions.
Aluminum 6063 Properties
| Tensile Strength, Yield (MPa) | Fatigue Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Hardness (Brinell) | Density (g/cm^3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 215 | 67.8 | 13 | 72 | 2.8 |
This aluminum alloy is one of the strongest available. Its main alloying element is zinc. Aluminum 7050 achieves its strength by sacrificing corrosion resistance; the inclusion of copper is the reason behind both effects. This alloy is also highly machinable. Its strength makes it ideally suited for aircraft structures.
Aluminum 7050 Properties
| Tensile Strength, Yield (MPa) | Fatigue Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Hardness (Brinell) | Density (g/cm^3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 495 | 158 | 13 | 146 | 2.85 |
This alloy is slightly stronger than 7050 aluminum and has very good fatigue resistance, making it ideal for applications that undergo cyclic loading. Its main alloying element is zinc and its typical applications include meter shafts and gears, aircraft fittings, and shaft keys.
Aluminum 7075 Properties
| Tensile Strength, Yield (MPa) | Fatigue Strength (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Hardness (Brinell) | Density (g/cm^3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 502 | 158 | 13 | 150 | 2.82 |
FlagShip offers a wide range of surface finishes suitable for aluminum alloys. The most popular surface finishing process is anodization. Both normal- and hard-coating anodizing are offered to improve the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the various available alloys. Chemical conversion coating and metal plating are also available for aluminum alloys. Learn more about the surface finisheswe offer .
